THE US Supreme Court will consider the divisive issue of legalising same-sex marriage, in a hotly anticipated hearing next week that could have historic consequences for American family life.
Although gay couples are barred from marrying in 41 out of 50 US states, including some where bans were enacted by popular vote, polls show more Americans than ever - 58 per cent in one recent survey - support same-sex marriages.
And, following the example of President Barack Obama, a number of influential politicians, economists, actors and athletes have come out in support of marriage equality.
Now, the country's top court has agreed to weigh in and will consider two key cases.
One is an appeal against California's gay marriage ban and the other challenges the national law that restricts federal benefits to heterosexual couples.
"Whatever they decide, it is going to be high-profile and it is going to get lots of attention," said Thomas Keck, political science professor at Syracuse University.
The top court will first look at a case that some experts say opens the path to legalising gay marriage at the national level.
The case centres on California's constitutional same-sex marriage ban, voted in by a referendum on "Proposition 8," which limits marriage to one man and one woman.
In the West Coast state, where same-sex marriage was briefly allowed, gays and lesbians can now obtain only civil unions, which offer the same state-level benefits as marriage.
The White House, while not directly involved, has urged the court to legalise gay marriage in California and in seven other states - and soon, a ninth, after a recent vote in Colorado - that allow civil unions.
"It's reasonable to conclude that the states are only withholding the label of marriage for same-sex couples in an attempt to stigmatise those couples on the basis of their sexual orientation," said lawyer Elizabeth Wydra.
Wydra - who works the Constitutional Accountability Center, which filed an amicus brief in support of gay couples - said the US Constitution prohibits such discrimination.
And she argued that it was possible "that the court will rule categorically that the Constitution guarantees marriage equality in every state, because the Constitution protects all persons from discrimination."
In the second case, to be heard Wednesday, the nine justices will take up the federal Defense of Marriage Act, or DOMA, which since 1996 has defined marriage as a union "between one man and one woman."
Section three of the law bars any same-sex couple - even those legally married in the nine states and the US capital that allow it - from the rights afforded to heterosexual married couples, like those on inheritance.
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